2.59 Advantages of General Versus Local Anesthesia


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2.01 Amblyopia: Diagnosis and Classification

2.02 Strabismic Amblyopia: Treatment

2.03 Anisometropic Amblyopia: Treatment

2.04 Essential Infantile Esotropia: Diagnostic Evaluation

2.05 Essential Infantile Esotropia: Treatment

2.06 Acquired Esotropia

2.07 Refractive Accommodative Esotropia: Etiology and Treatment

2.08 Convergence Excess Type Esotropia

2.09 Consecutive Esotropia

2.10 Acute Esotropia

2.11 Microtropia and Subnormal Binocular Vision

2.12 Exodeviations: Treatment

2.13 Consecutive Exotropia

2.14 Paralytic Cyclovertical Strabismus: Right Hypertropia

2.15 Paralytic Cyclovertical Strabismus: Left Hypertropia

2.16 Dissociated Deviations

2.17 Upshoot in Adduction: Right Eye

2.18 Upshoot in Adduction: Left Eye

2.19 Downshoot in Adduction: Right Eye

2.20 Downshoot in Adduction: Left Eye

2.21 Cyclotropia: Diagnosis

2.22 Cyclotropia: Treatment

2.23 A Pattern Strabismus: Treatment

2.24 V Pattern Strabismus: Treatment

2.25 Limitation of Elevation of One Eye

2.26 Limited Depression of One Eye

2.27 Limitation of Abduction

2.28 Limitation of Adduction

2.29 Limitation of Vertical Gaze of Both Eyes

2.30 Acquired Vertical Deviation With Diplopia

2.31 Generalized Limitation of Ocular Motility of Both Eyes

2.32 Painful Ophthalmoplegia

2.33 Compensation Strategies in Manifest Congenital Nystagmus

2.34 Compensation Strategies of Manifest-Latent Nystagmus

2.35 Treatment of Nystagmus

2.36 Complete Third Nerve Palsy

2.37 Superior Rectus Muscle Paralysis

2.38 Inferior Rectus Muscle Paralysis

2.39 Medial Rectus Muscle Paralysis

2.40 Inferior Oblique Muscle Paralysis

2.41 Fourth Nerve Paralysis: Classification

2.42 Superior Oblique Muscle Paralysis: Diagnosis

2.43 Superior Oblique Muscle Paralysis: Treatment

2.44 Congenital Absence of Superior Oblique Tendon

2.45 Sixth Nerve Paralysis: Diagnosis

2.46 Sixth Nerve Paralysis: Treatment

2.47 Divergence Insufficiency Versus Bilateral Abducens Paresis

2.48 Convergence Insufficiency

2.49 When to Use Prisms

2.50 Duane Syndrome Type I

2.51 Duane Syndrome Type II

2.52 Duane Syndrome Type III

2.53 Brown Syndrome

2.54 Orbital Floor Fracture

2.55 Endocrine Myopathy

2.56 Myasthenia Gravis

2.57 Child With Reading Problems

2.58 Muscle Reattachment Techniques

2.59 Advantages of General Versus Local Anesthesia

2.59 Advantages of General Versus Local Anesthesia

2.59

(1) The decision whether to operate with the patient under general or local anesthesia is made on the basis of several considerations. The morbidity and mortality rate are similar in both. If any patient discomfort is experienced with local anesthesia, it occurs during surgery. In contrast, if any patient discomfort is experienced with general anesthesia, it occurs after surgery.

(2) Topical anesthesia may be administered with local anesthetic drops alone or subconjunctival injection of an anesthetic agent.^{24, p.96; 58 p.491}

(3) Local anesthesia should not be used for any procedure during which an unusual amount of tension on the muscle or rotation of the globe into extreme positions is anticipated because the patient may experience discomfort.